Table 1 Larvicidal activity of the terpenes, terpenoids and related compounds against Cx. quinquefasciatus
|  | Assays | Larvicidal activity (µg/mL) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
III | IV | Pupaes | |||
Molecules | Classification | LC50 | LC50 | LC50 | |
1 | p-Anisaldehyde | Benzaldehyde | 18.0 (15.5–20.4) | 18.8 (16.9–20.6) | 96.4 (92.5–100.2) |
2 | Canphor | Bicyclic monoterpenoid | 22.3 (21.6–23.9) | 25.8 (23.6–27.9) | 245.1 (234.6–255.5) |
3 | 3-Carene | Bicyclic monoterpene | 24.7 (23.7–25.7) | 25.5 (24.3–26.7) | 105.5 (101.8–109.1) |
4 | Carvacrol | Cyclic monoterpenoid | 5.5 (5.28–5.72) | 7.7 (7.3–8.1) | 53.2 (51.8–54.5) |
5 | Carveol | Cyclic monoterpenoid | 103.0 (99.4–109.9) | 104.6 (102.0–107.2) | 249.0 (241.8–256.1) |
6 | Carvomenthol | Cyclic monoterpenoid | 198.2 (183.69–212.71) | 219.8 (206.6–232.9) | 452.2 (435.2–469.1) |
7 | (+)-Carvone | Cyclic monoterpenoid | 150.2 (149.0–151.4) | 150.2 (145.5–154.8) | 500.6 (495.0–506.1) |
8 | Carvotanacetol | Cyclic monoterpenoid | 152.3 (148.2–156.8) | 198.3 (192.1–204.44) | 245.1 (238.1–252.0) |
9 | β-Caryophyllene | Bicyclic sesquiterpene | 45.6 (43.8–47.2) | 47.7 (42.2–52.9) | 222.3 (216.8–27.7) |
10 | Citronellal | Acyclic monoterpenoid | 105.3 (98.3–102.3) | 124.9 (123.2–125.6) | 549.2 (557.35–565.5) |
11 | β-Citronellol | Acyclic monoterpenoid | 90.4 (88.9–91.9) | 94.8 (93.4–95.2) | 203.1 (198.44–207.76) |
12 | m-Cresol | Phenolic derivative | 60.0 (58.8–61.2) | 60.6 (59.3–61.9) | 107.7 (104.94–110.4) |
13 | o-Cresol | Phenolic derivative | 54.8 (53.6–56.0) | 54.4 (53.8–54.0) | 105.6 (103.4–107.7) |
14 | Cuminaldehyde | Benzaldehyde | 23.0 (22.0–24.0) | 23.9 (22.0–25.8) | 95.4 (91.1–99.6) |
15 | p-Cimene | Cyclic monoterpene | 23.1 (22.3–24.9) | 24.0 (23.8–26.2) | 306.3 (298.4–314.1) |
16 | trans-Dihydrocarvone | Cyclic monoterpene | 345.0 (340.8–350.1) | 361.3 (346.2–366.4) | 708.6 (698.1–719.1) |
17 | 3,4-Dimethylcumene | Phenolic derivative | 35.6 (33.5–37.7) | 47.7 (46.2–49.2) | 105.5 (101.9–109.1) |
18 | Eucalyptol | Bicyclic monoterpenoid | 48.0 (47.9–49.1) | 44.4 (43.3–45.5) | 92.9 (86.2–99.6) |
19 | Geranial | Acyclic monoterpenoid | 52.2 (51.1–53.3) | 53.4 (49.9–56.8) | 193.9 (186.8–200.9) |
20 | Geraniol | Acyclic monoterpenoid | 20.4 (19.78–21.02) | 20.4 (19.4–21.3) | 104.6 (101.9–107.2) |
21 | Germacrene-D | Sesquiterpene | 45.4 (44.3–46.6) | 45.6 (46.71–47.49) | 229.0 (222.7–235.2) |
22 | α-Humulene | Bicyclic sesquiterpene | 100.5 (98.2–102.7) | 101.8 (100.0–103.5) | 508.3 (497.17–519.43) |
23 | Hydrocarvone | Cyclic monoterpene | 1351.6 (1228.68–1474.5) | 1470.9 (1347.9–1592.9) | > 2000 |
24 | Hydrodihydrocarvone | Cyclic monoterpenemonoterpene | 1416.5 (1152.4–1680.1) | 1628.2 (1364.6–1889.3) | > 2000 |
25 | 3-Isopropylphenol | Cyclic monoterpene | 21.3 (20.9–21.6) | 23.1 (21.2–24.9) | 100.2 (96.4–104.4) |
26 | Isoborneol | Bicyclic monoterpenoid | 91.9 (89.7–94.0) | 97.1 (94.1–100.1) | 206.1 (199.7–213.5) |
27 | Isopulegol | Cyclic monoterpene | 247.4 (234.4–250.9) | 297.3 (290.2–304.3) | 610.8 (604.6–616.9) |
28 | trans-Isopulegone | Cyclic monoterpene | 529.1 (510.1–537.1) | 538.8 (530.7–546.8) | 908.6 (896.2–920.9) |
29 | Lavandullol | Acyclic monoterpenoid | 52.2 (51.0–53.3) | 56.5 (53.3–59.9) | 238.7 (224.6–252.7) |
30 | Limonene | Cyclic monoterpene | 24.2 (23.4–24.9) | 27.3 (23.3–28.2) | 98.4 (95.4–101.4) |
31 | Linalool | Acyclic monoterpenoid | 26.8 (26.0–27.5) | 30.7 (29.7–31.6) | 249.0 (241.8–256.1) |
32 | Menthol | Cyclic monoterpenoid | 443.6 (432.3–443.2) | 404.1 (381.1–427.0) | 529.1 (521.0–537.1) |
33 | Menthone | Cyclic monoterpenoid | 500.6 (495.0–506.1) | 508.9 (500.8–516.9) | 878.5 (867.4–889.5) |
34 | Myrcene | Acyclic monoterpene | 19.5 (18.5–20.4) | 19.1 (18.0–20.2) | 31.8 (30.2–33.2) |
35 | Neoisopulegol | Cyclic monoterpenoid | 458.4 (450.2–466.6) | 554.2 (545.6–562.7) | 908.6 (896.2–920.9) |
36 | (−)-Perillaldehyde | Cyclic monoterpenoid | 95.9 (94.8–97.0) | 115.8 (113.0–118.6) | 429.1 (422.9–435.22) |
37 | Phellandrene | Cyclic monoterpene | 490.7 (483.1–498.2) | 554.3 (545.8–563.0) | 908.6 (896.3–920.9) |
38 | α-Pinene | Bicyclic monoterpene | 24.4 (23.2–25.5) | 25.5 (22.0–28.97) | 98.4 (95.4–101.4) |
39 | β-Pinene | Bicyclic monoterpene | 19.6 (18.82–20.38) | 24.3 (22.8–25.7) | 96.9 (89.9–103.9) |
40 | (+)–Pulegone | Cyclic monoterpenoid | 168.7 (665.8–171.59) | 188.1 (185.29–190.91) | 496.2 (490.4–501.9) |
41 | Rotundifolone | Cyclic monoterpenoid | 58.9 (57.8–59.9) | 62.5 (61.5–63.5) | 287.4 (279.4–295.3) |
42 | Sabinene | Bicyclic monoterpene | 53.7 (51.9–55.4) | 59.0 (58.3–60.7) | 268.0 (262.5–273.0) |
43 | α-Terpinene | Cyclic monoterpene | 13.8 (12.9–14.7) | 13.6 (12.8–14.3) | 209.5 (204.0–214.9) |
44 | γ-Terpinene | Cyclic monoterpenemonoterpene | 45.4 (44.3–46.5) | 56.8 (55.7–57.9) | 287.4 (280.2–294.6) |
45 | 4-Terpineol | Cyclic monoterpenoid | 94.2 (91.1–97.3) | 97.7(90.6–104.8) | 201.8 (195.6–208.0) |
46 | α-Terpineol | Cyclic monoterpenoid | 95.9 (93.8–98.0) | 98.4 (95.3–101.4) | 206.1 (198.4–213.7) |
47 | β-Terpineol | Cyclic monoterpenoid | 101.3 (99.5–103.0) | 107.4 (103.9–110.8) | 508.3 (497.1–519.43) |
48 | γ-Terpineol | Cyclic monoterpenoid | 100.5 (98.3–102.7) | 103.6 (100.0–109.9) | 4965.5 (4949.1–4981.9) |
49 | Terpinolene | Cyclic monoterpene | 20.4 (19.6–21.2) | 18.6 (16.9–20.2) | 107.4 (103.9–110.8) |
50 | Thymol | Cyclic monoterpenoid | 11.1 (10.28–11.9) | 12.2 (11.7–12.7) | 111.4 (108.5–114.2) |
Tx | Temephos H | Organophosphorus | 2.1 (1.8–2.5) | 5.6 (4.1–6.7) | 34.0 (29.1–39.0) |