Table 2 Chemical composition of D. muricatus volatile fractions extracted by HS-SPME
From: Biological activities and volatile constituents of Daucus muricatus L. from Algeria
Separated organse | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
N° | Componentsa | lRIab | RIac | Aerial parts | Stems | Leaves | Flowers | Umbels | Roots |
1a | Heptane | 700 | 700 | 2.6 ± 0.07 | 7.9 ± 0.28 | 1.3 ± 0.11 | 1.1 ± 0.15 | 0.3 ± 0.04 | 0.2 ± 0.01 |
1b | 3-Methyl butanol | 709 | 705 | 0.3 ± 0.01 | 0.7 ± 0.01 | 0.2 ± 0.01 | 0.4 ± 0.01 | 0.2 ± 0.01 | 0.1 ± 0.01 |
1c | 3-Methyl-pentan-2-ol | 754 | 760 | 0.4 ± 0.14 | 0.4 ± 0.01 | 0.2 ± 0.01 | 0.5 ± 0.09 | 0.4 ± 0.01 | 0.7 ± 0.01 |
1d | Hexanal | 780 | 771 | 0.2 ± 0.01 | 0.4 ± 0.01 | 0.1 ± 0.01 | 0.1 ± 0.01 | 0.3 ± 0.06 | 1.4 ± 0.07 |
1 | Nonane | 900 | 898 | 0.5 ± 0.07 | 0.5 ± 0.02 | 1.1 ± 0.22 | 0.4 ± 0.01 | tr | 0.1 ± 0.01 |
1e | Artemisiatriene | 923 | 921 | 0.2 ± 0.01 | - | - | 0.3 ± 0.06 | 0.1 ± 0.01 | - |
2 | α-Thujene | 932 | 923 | 0.1 ± 0.01 | - | 0.1 ± 0.01 | 0.5 ± 0.04 | 0.1 ± 0.01 | - |
3 | α-Pinene | 936 | 931 | 13.2 ± 0.74 | 8.1 ± 0.36 | 16.1 ± 0.89 | 13.1 ± 0.97 | 15.5 ± 1.1 | 8.7 ± 0.14 |
4 | Camphene | 950 | 944 | 0.2 ± 0.01 | tr | 0.1 ± 0.01 | 0.3 ± 0.01 | 0.3 ± 0.08 | 0.4 ± 0.01 |
5a | Butyl butyrate | 970 | 966 | 0.2 ± 0.01 | - | 0.2 ± 0.01 | 0.2 ± 0.01 | 0.2 ± 0.01 | 0.1 ± 0.01 |
6 | Sabinene | 973 | 967 | 2.9 ± 0.21 | 1.4 ± 0.14 | 2.3 ± 0.45 | 6.5 ± 0.33 | 1.5 ± 0.46 | 0.3 ± 0.01 |
7 | β-Pinene | 978 | 970 | 0.9 ± 0.06 | 0.7 ± 0.02 | 1.2 ± 0.56 | 1.1 ± 0.51 | 1.1 ± 0.13 | 1.6 ± 0.21 |
8 | Myrcene | 987 | 980 | 2.9 ± 0.13 | 1.5 ± 0.14 | 3.2 ± 0.21 | 2.9 ± 0.12 | 3.9 ± 0.66 | 0.1 ± 0.01 |
8a | Yomogi alcohol | 991 | 981 | 0.4 ± 0.07 | 0.7 ± 0.01 | 0.4 ± 0.01 | 0.4 ± 0.01 | 0.4 ± 0.05 | - |
9 | α-Phellandrene | 1002 | 997 | 1.5 ± 0.13 | - | 3.1 ± 0.16 | 2 ± 0.29 | 1.1 ± 0.29 | - |
9a | 3-Carene | 1010 | 1005 | 0.1 ± 0.01 | - | 0.1 ± 0.01 | 0.1 ± 0.01 | 0.1 ± 0.01 | 0.4 ± 0.01 |
10 | α-Terpinene | 1013 | 1008 | 0.8 ± 0.06 | - | 0.3 ± 0.01 | 2.8 ± 0.22 | 0.2 ± 0.01 | 0.1 ± 0.01 |
11 | p-Cymene | 1015 | 1012 | 3.2 ± 0.32 | 3.4 ± 0.12 | 3.1 ± 0.51 | 3.4 ± 0.51 | 3.2 ± 0.11 | 9.1 ± 0.76 |
12 | Limonene | 1025 | 1022 | 22.4 ± 1.28 | 13.3 ± 0.56 | 30.6 ± 0.99 | 19.1 ± 0.77 | 28.1 ± 0.82 | 6.9 ± 0.35 |
13 | (Z)-β-Ocimene | 1029 | 1025 | 0.2 ± 0.01 | 0.4 ± 0.01 | 0.1 ± 0.01 | 0.2 ± 0.02 | 0.1 ± 0.01 | 0.3 ± 0.01 |
13a | (E)-β-Ocimene | 1041 | 1031 | 0.1 ± 0.01 | 0.1 ± 0.01 | 0.2 ± 0.02 | 0.2 ± 0.01 | 0.1 ± 0.01 | 0.3 ± 0.01 |
14 | γ-Terpinene | 1051 | 1049 | 3.2 ± 0.09 | 4.1 ± 0.54 | 2.5 ± 0.22 | 5.1 ± 0.55 | 1.3 ± 0.35 | 1.2 ± 0.01 |
14a | Octanol | 1063 | 1052 | 0.3 ± 0.01 | tr | 0.6 ± 0.01 | 0.4 ± 0.08 | 0.3 ± 0.05 | - |
16 | Nonan-2-one | 1070 | 1073 | 0.6 ± 0.07 | 0.7 ± 0.02 | 0.5 ± 0.01 | 0.6 ± 0.08 | 0.6 ± 0.09 | 0.2 ± 0.01 |
17 | p-Cymenene | 1075 | 1077 | 0.3 ± 0.06 | - | 0.2 ± 0.01 | 0.4 ± 0.06 | 0.7 ± 0.03 | 3.1 ± 0.13 |
18 | Terpinolene | 1082 | 1079 | 0.7 ± 0.06 | 0.6 ± 0.01 | 0.9 ± 0.07 | 1.3 ± 0.23 | 0.4 ± 0.01 | 10.2 ± 0.86 |
19 | Linalool | 1083 | 1085 | 1.4 ± 0.08 | 3.2 ± 0.28 | 0.5 ± 0.01 | 1.1 ± 0.29 | 0.9 ± 0.1 | 0.2 ± 0.01 |
19a | α-Thujone | 1089 | 1086 | 0.5 ± 0.04 | 1.8 ± 0.09 | tr | 0.5 ± 0.02 | 0.4 ± 0.02 | 0.1 ± 0.01 |
20 | Undecane | 1100 | 1100 | 8.9 ± 0.76 | 16.9 ± 0.89 | 6.1 ± 0.38 | 3.6 ± 0.14 | 7.4 ± 0.69 | 7.2 ± 0.26 |
20a | 3-Octyl acetate | 1113 | 1103 | 1.8 ± 0.12 | 0.7 ± 0.06 | 0.2 ± 0.01 | 0.3 ± 0.01 | 0.2 ± 0.01 | 0.2 ± 0.01 |
21a | Camphor | 1123 | 1119 | 1.1 ± 0.07 | 2.9 ± 0.16 | 0.7 ± 0.01 | 0.6 ± 0.06 | 0.2 ± 0.01 | 0.5 ± 0.01 |
22 | trans-Pinocarveol | 1126 | 1120 | 0.4 ± 0.01 | 0.7 ± 0.01 | 0.3 ± 0.02 | 0.4 ± 0.01 | 0.6 ± 0.02 | 0.1 ± 0.01 |
22a | Citronellal | 1129 | 1130 | 0.1 ± 0.01 | tr | 0.1 ± 0.01 | 0.1 ± 0.01 | 0.4 ± 0.05 | - |
22b | cis-Verbenol | 1132 | 1132 | 0.1 ± 0.01 | - | 0.1 ± 0.01 | 0.1 ± 0.01 | 0.1 ± 0.01 | - |
24 | Pinocarvone | 1137 | 1135 | 0.1 ± 0.01 | - | 0.1 ± 0.01 | 0.1 ± 0.01 | 0.2 ± 0.02 | 0.7 ± 0.01 |
25 | Borneol | 1150 | 1149 | 0.5 ± 0.08 | 0.9 ± 0.01 | 0.4 ± 0.01 | 0.3 ± 0.04 | 0.4 ± 0.01 | - |
26 | Cryptone | 1160 | 1159 | 0.5 ± 0.06 | 0.5 ± 0.01 | 0.5 ± 0.08 | 0.4 ± 0.01 | 0.7 ± 0.09 | 3.8 ± 0.11 |
27 | Terpinene-4-ol | 1164 | 1160 | 1.4 ± 0.18 | 2.1 ± 0.43 | 0.9 ± 0.06 | 1.8 ± 0.36 | 1.1 ± 0.15 | 0.1 ± 0.01 |
27a | Myrtenal | 1172 | 1163 | 0.1 ± 0.01 | tr | 0.1 ± 0.01 | 0.1 ± 0.01 | 0.1 ± 0.01 | 0.3 ± 0.02 |
27b | Estragole | 1175 | 1169 | 1.1 ± 0.09 | 1.1 ± 0.58 | 1.3 ± 0.29 | 1.7 ± 0.12 | 0.6 ± 0.08 | - |
29 | α-Terpineol | 1176 | 1177 | 0.4 ± 0.05 | 0.5 ± 0.04 | 0.4 ± 0.08 | 0.4 ± 0.03 | 0.5 ± 0.01 | 0.2 ± 0.01 |
29a | Verbenone | 1184 | 1178 | 0.3 ± 0.01 | 0.7 ± 0.01 | 0.1 ± 0.01 | 0.2 ± 0.01 | 0.1 ± 0.01 | - |
31 | Decanal | 1188 | 1185 | 0.1 ± 0.01 | - | 0.1 ± 0.01 | 0.1 ± 0.01 | 0.2 ± 0.01 | - |
33 | Citronellol | 1213 | 1211 | 1.1 ± 0.14 | 1.1 ± 0.22 | 1.1 ± 0.33 | 0.9 ± 0.06 | 1.5 ± 0.23 | 0.1 ± 0.01 |
34 | Carvone | 1214 | 1215 | 0.7 ± 0.07 | 1.1 ± 0.09 | 0.5 ± 0.01 | 0.6 ± 0.04 | 0.6 ± 0.02 | 0.1 ± 0.01 |
35 | Pulegone | 1215 | 1216 | 0.3 ± 0.01 | 0.8 ± 0.02 | 0.2 ± 0.01 | 0.2 ± 0.01 | 0.1 ± 0.01 | - |
37 | Geraniol | 1235 | 1235 | 0.2 ± 0.01 | tr | 0.1 ± 0.01 | 0.4 ± 0.02 | 0.1 ± 0.01 | 0.8 ± 0.05 |
38 | trans-Myrtanol | 1240 | 1236 | 0.1 ± 0.01 | 0.1 ± 0.01 | tr | 0.1 ± 0.01 | 0.3 ± 0.01 | - |
38a | Geranial | 1244 | 1239 | 0.1 ± 0.01 | tr | 0.1 ± 0.01 | 0.1 ± 0.01 | tr | - |
39 | cis-Chrysanthenyl acetate | 1253 | 1242 | 0.1 ± 0.01 | tr | 0.1 ± 0.01 | tr | 0.1 ± 0.01 | - |
42 | Bornyl acetate | 1270 | 1266 | 0.6 ± 0.05 | 1.2 ± 0.11 | 0.4 ± 0.05 | 0.5 ± 0.06 | 0.6 ± 0.04 | 9.7 ± 0.55 |
43 | Undecan-2-one | 1273 | 1270 | 0.6 ± 0.08 | 0.8 ± 0.04 | 0.6 ± 0.08 | 0.4 ± 0.03 | 0.5 ± 0.01 | 0.3 ± 0.01 |
44 | trans-Sabinyl acetate | 1278 | 1271 | 5.1 ± 0.47 | 3.8 ± 0.26 | 2.6 ± 0.12 | 3.5 ± 0.38 | 9.6 ± 0.53 | |
47a | Neryl acetate | 1342 | 1335 | 2.0 ± 0.31 | 2.4 ± 0.36 | 3.4 ± 0.65 | 1.3 ± 0.35 | 0.9 ± 0.1 | 0.3 ± 0.01 |
48 | δ-Elemene | 1340 | 1337 | 0.3 ± 0.02 | 0.7 ± 0.06 | 0.3 ± 0.05 | 0.1 ± 0.01 | tr | 0.1 ± 0.01 |
49 | Geranyl acetate | 1362 | 1360 | 0.1 ± 0.01 | tr | tr | 0.2 ± 0.01 | tr | 0.2 ± 0.01 |
50 | Undecanol | 1363 | 1365 | 0.1 ± 0.01 | tr | tr | tr | tr | 1.9 ± 0.01 |
51 | α-Copaene | 1379 | 1377 | 0.7 ± 0.01 | 1.1 ± 0.12 | 0.4 ± 0.02 | 0.6 ± 0.03 | 0.9 ± 0.08 | 0.4 ± 0.01 |
51a | Daucene | 1380 | 1379 | 0.5 ± 0.02 | 0.9 ± 0.08 | 0.1 ± 0.01 | 0.2 ± 0.01 | 0.7 ± 0.01 | 0.7 ± 0.06 |
54 | Dodecanal | 1389 | 1395 | 0.2 ± 0.01 | 0.3 ± 0.01 | 0.1 ± 0.01 | 0.1 ± 0.01 | 0.1 ± 0.01 | 1.3 ± 0.01 |
54a | Tetradecane | 1400 | 1399 | 0.1 ± 0.01 | 0.2 ± 0.02 | 0.1 ± 0.01 | 0.1 ± 0.01 | tr | - |
56 | trans-Caryophyllene | 1424 | 1422 | 2.3 ± 0.23 | 1.4 ± 0.13 | 3.1 ± 0.25 | 3.8 ± 0.26 | 1.2 ± 0.15 | 1.9 ± 0.18 |
58 | β-Copaene | 1430 | 1430 | 0.3 ± 0.02 | 0.4 ± 0.01 | 0.6 ± 0.05 | 0.3 ± 0.01 | 0.3 ± 0.01 | 0.4 ± 0.01 |
59 | α-Humulene | 1455 | 1450 | 0.4 ± 0.05 | - | 0.1 ± 0.01 | 0.9 ± 0.08 | 0.1 ± 0.01 | 0.1 ± 0.01 |
61 | Dodecanol | 1472 | 1468 | tr | tr | tr | tr | tr | 3.4 ± 0.28 |
62 | γ-Muurolene | 1473 | 1471 | 1.3 ± 0.13 | 0.5 ± 0.01 | 0.6 ± 0.01 | 1.5 ± 0.42 | 1.9 ± 0.21 | 4.3 ± 0.16 |
63 | Germacrene D | 1479 | 1476 | 0.4 ± 0.04 | 0.5 ± 0.06 | 0.2 ± 0.01 | 0.4 ± 0.02 | 0.3 ± 0.01 | 0.2 ± 0.01 |
64 | trans-β-Bergamotene | 1480 | 1475 | tr | tr | tr | tr | tr | 0.5 ± 0.03 |
65 | 6-epi-Shyobunone | 1481 | 1480 | 0.1 ± 0.01 | tr | 0.1 ± 0.01 | 0.2 ± 0.01 | 0.2 ± 0.01 | - |
65a | β-Selinene | 1486 | 1481 | 0.2 ± 0.01 | 0.2 ± 0.01 | 0.2 ± 0.02 | 0.1 ± 0.01 | 0.2 ± 0.03 | 0.5 ± 0.02 |
69 | Shyobunone | 1500 | 1501 | 0.1 ± 0.01 | tr | 0.1 ± 0.01 | 0.1 ± 0.01 | 0.1 ± 0.01 | 0.7 ± 0.01 |
70 | δ-Cadinene | 1520 | 1515 | 0.6 ± 0.04 | 0.5 ± 0.01 | 0.3 ± 0.04 | 0.1 ± 0.01 | 1.3 ± 0.16 | 0.9 ± 0.07 |
71 | (E)-α-Bisabolene | 1531 | 1526 | 1.1 ± 0.31 | 0.5 ± 0.02 | 1.4 ± 0.12 | 0.9 ± 0.1 | 1 ± 0.45 | 0.4 ± 0.01 |
72 | Isochavicol isobutyrate | 1541 | 1538 | 0.3 ± 0.05 | tr | 0.3 ± 0.01 | 0.9 ± 0.06 | 0.1 ± 0.01 | 0.1 ± 0.1 |
76 | Caryophyllene oxide | 1578 | 1582 | 0.2 ± 0.01 | - | 0.1 ± 0.01 | 0.4 ± 0.01 | 0.1 ± 0.01 | 0.7 ± 0.01 |
77 | Tridecanol | 1580 | 1586 | tr | tr | tr | tr | tr | 1.1 ± 0.07 |
87 | Eudesma-4(15),7-dien-1β-ol | 1671 | 1672 | tr | - | tr | tr | tr | 0.6 ± 0.01 |
89 | Heptadecane | 1700 | 1699 | 0.4 ± 0.13 | - | 1.3 ± 0.65 | 0.2 ± 0.01 | 0.2 ± 0.01 | - |
Total identification (%) | 97.8 | 95.4 | 99.1 | 94.3 | 97.6 | 90.6 | |||
GC-FID Total area 105 | 103 | 22 | 154 | 108 | 107 | 68 | |||
Monoterpene hydrocarbons | 52.9 | 33.6 | 64.1 | 59.3 | 57.8 | 42.8 | |||
Oxygenated monoterpenes | 20.6 | 25.6 | 14.4 | 16 | 20.5 | 17.6 | |||
Sesquiterpene hydrocarbons | 8.1 | 5.8 | 7.2 | 8.7 | 7.2 | 10.4 | |||
Oxygenated sesquiterpenes | 0.4 | - | 0.3 | 0.7 | 0.4 | 2.0 | |||
Phenylpropanoids | 0.3 | - | 0.3 | 0.9 | 0.1 | 0.1 | |||
Non-terpenic compounds | 15.5 | 30.4 | 12.8 | 8.7 | 11.6 | 17.7 | |||