Environmental and Energy Chemistry

Dioxin and dibenzofuran like molecular analogues from the pyrolysis of biomass materials—the emerging challenge in bio-oil production

The aggressive search for renewable energy resources and essential pyrosynthetic compounds has marked an exponential rise in the thermal degradation of biomass materials. Consequently, clean and sustainable tr...

Authors: Samuel K. Kirkok, Joshua K. Kibet, Thomas Kinyanjui, Francis I. Okanga and Vincent O. Nyamori

The high photocatalytic efficiency and stability of LaNiO₃/g-C₃N₄ heterojunction nanocomposites for photocatalytic water splitting to hydrogen

A binary direct Z-scheme LaNiO₃/g-C₃N₄ nanocomposite photocatalyst consisted with LaNiO₃ nanoparticles and g-C₃N₄ nanosheets was successfully synthesized by means of mechanical mixing and solvothermal methods in ...

Authors: Changyu Ye, Rui Wang, Haoyu Wang and Fubin Jiang

Pharmaceuticals and personal care products in water and wastewater: a review of treatment processes and use of photocatalyst immobilized on functionalized carbon in AOP degradation

The presence of emerging contaminants such as pharmaceutical and personal care products in many aqueous matrices have been reported. One of such matrix is streams of wastewater, including wastewater treatment ...

Authors: Adewumi Olufemi Oluwole, Elizabeth Oyinkansola Omotola and Olatunde Stephen Olatunji

Mechanistic formation of hazardous molecular heterocyclic amines from high temperature pyrolysis of model biomass materials: cellulose and tyrosine

Research inventories on the co-pyrolysis of major biomass components such as cellulose with amino acid materials is scarce in literature despite the fact that such studies are critical in understanding toxic p...

Authors: Samuel K. Kirkok, Joshua K. Kibet, Francis Okanga, Thomas Kinyanjui and Vincent Nyamori

Treatment and characterization of phosphorus from synthetic wastewater using aluminum plate electrodes in the electrocoagulation process

The main objective of this study is treatment and characterization of phosphorus from synthetic wastewater using aluminum electrodes in the electrocoagulation process. EC experimental setups were designed and ...

Authors: Dessie Tibebe, Yezbie Kassa and Ashok N. Bhaskarwar

Electrodeposition of amorphous molybdenum sulfide thin film for electrochemical hydrogen evolution reaction

Amorphous molybdenum sulfide (MoS_x) is a highly active noble-metal-free electrocatalysts for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). The MoS_x was prepared by electrochemical deposition at room temperature. Low-cos...

Authors: Lina Zhang, Liangliu Wu, Jing Li and Jinglei Lei

Copper doped zeolite composite for antimicrobial activity and heavy metal removal from waste water

The existence of heavy metals and coliform bacteria contaminants in aquatic system of Akaki river basin, a sub city of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia has become a public concern as human population increases and land d...

Authors: Feleke Terefe Fanta, Amare Aregahegn Dubale, Dawit Firemichael Bebizuh and Minaleshewa Atlabachew

Synthesis of lignin based composites of TiO₂ for potential application as radical scavengers in sunscreen formulation

Titanium dioxide (TiO₂) is added in sunscreens due to its ability to absorb ultraviolet (UV) light. However, upon irradiation of UV light, reactive oxygen species particularly hydroxyl radical which can damage hu...

Authors: Mohamad Nasir Mohamad Ibrahim, Anwar Iqbal, Chai Chuan Shen, Showkat Ahmad Bhawani and Farook Adam

Characterization of pulverized Marula seed husk and its potential for the sequestration of methylene blue from aqueous solution

Dyes are ranked as an important class of pollutants which affect the aesthetic property of the environment when present even in very low concentrations. This study was carried out to explore the potential use ...

Authors: Joshua N. Edokpayi, Stanley S. Ndlovu and John O. Odiyo

Comparative efficacy of locally isolated fungal strains for Pb(II) removal and recovery from water

The present investigation aimed to study and compare the efficiency of non-viable fungal isolates to remove divalent lead (Pb(II)) from aqueous streams. The selected fungal isolates showed identity with Aspergill...

Authors: Kiran Aftab, Kalsoom Akhtar, Razia Noreen, Faiza Nazir and Umme Kalsoom

Surface bound radicals, char yield and particulate size from the burning of tobacco cigarette

Tobacco smoke is a toxic gas-phase cocktail consisting of a broad range of organics, and free radical intermediates. The formation of smoke from a burning cigarette depends on a series of mechanisms, including...

Authors: Audriy Jebet, Joshua Kibet, Lucy Ombaka and Thomas Kinyanjui

Directed Assembly Network phase three launch: a round-up of success to date and strategy for the future

To showcase the Networks’ success during phase two (2012–2016), and to set out the strategy for phase three (2017–2019), the Directed Assembly Network held a meeting at the Royal Society in London, United King...

Authors: J. A. R. Rose, P. R. Raithby and C. Makatsoris

The mechanism for enhanced oxidation degradation of dioxin-like PCBs (PCB-77) in the atmosphere by the solvation effect

The reaction pathways of PCB-77 in the atmosphere with ·OH, O₂, NO _x , and ¹O₂ were inferred based on density functional theory calculations with the 6-31G* basis set. The struct...

Authors: Mei-Ling Xin, Jia-Wen Yang and Yu Li

A brief review of recent developments in the designs that prevent bio-fouling on silicon and silicon-based materials

Silicon and silicon-based materials are essential to our daily life. They are widely used in healthcare and manufacturing. However, silicon and silicon-based materials are susceptible to bio-fouling, which is ...

Authors: Xiaoning Zhang, DaShan Brodus, Valerie Hollimon and Hongmei Hu

Thermal degradation of aqueous 2-aminoethylethanolamine in CO₂ capture; identification of degradation products, reaction mechanisms and computational studies

Amine degradation is the main significant problems in amine-based post-combustion CO₂ capture, causes foaming, increase in viscosity, corrosion, fouling as well as environmental issues. Therefore it is very impor...

Authors: Idris Mohamed Saeed, Vannajan Sanghiran Lee, Shaukat Ali Mazari, B. Si Ali, Wan Jeffrey Basirun, Anam Asghar, Lubna Ghalib and Badrul Mohamed Jan

Interpreting comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography using peak topography maps with application to petroleum forensics

Authors: Hamidreza Ghasemi Damavandi, Ananya Sen Gupta, Robert K. Nelson and Christopher M. Reddy

Kinetic modeling of nicotine in mainstream cigarette smoking

The attempt to understand the kinetic behavior of nicotine in tobacco will provide a basis for unraveling its energetics in tobacco burning and the formation of free radicals considered harmful to the cigarett...

Authors: Joshua Kibet, Caren Kurgat, Samuel Limo, Nicholas Rono and Josephate Bosire

Kinetic, isotherm and thermodynamic studies on biosorption of chromium(VI) by using activated carbon from leaves of Ficus nitida

Kinetics, thermodynamics and equilibrium of the removal of chromium(VI) ions from aqueous solutions by using chemically activated leaves of Ficus nitida were investigated. Adsorption runs were performed as a func...

Authors: Ismat H. Ali and H. A. Alrafai

Upgrading oxygenated Fischer-Tropsch derivatives and one-step direct synthesis of ethyl acetate from ethanol - examples of the desirability of research on simple chemical compounds transformations

Oxygenates formed as by-products of Fischer-Tropsch syntheses can be transformed into other Fischer-Tropsch derived oxygenates instead of treating them as unwanted chemicals. One-step direct synthesis of ethyl...

Authors: Roman Klimkiewicz

Catalytic transformation of ethanol into 1,3-butadiene

1,3-Butadiene is an important constituent of many products that we rely upon. It is currently prepared from non-sustainably derived sources. However, in the early part of the 20^th Century the use of ethanol as a ...

Authors: Matthew D Jones

Modified method to improve the design of Petlyuk distillation columns

A response surface analysis was performed to study the effect of the composition and feeding thermal conditions of ternary mixtures on the number of theoretical stages and the energy consumption of Petlyuk col...

Authors: Javier G Zapiain-Salinas, Juan Barajas-Fernández and Raúl González-García

Heterogeneous base catalysts for edible palm and non-edible Jatropha-based biodiesel production

Transesterification catalyzed by solid base catalyst is a brilliant technology for the noble process featuring the fast reaction under mild reacting condition in biodiesel production. Heterogeneous base cataly...

Authors: Hwei Voon Lee, Joon Ching Juan, Nurul Fitriyah Binti Abdullah, Rabiah Nizah MF and Yun Hin Taufiq-Yap

Assessment of nicotine for second hand smoke exposure in some public places in Romania by UPLC-MS

Air nicotine monitoring is a well-known procedure for estimation of exposure to second hand smoke. Few research studies were realized in Romania to evaluate environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) exposure of humans...

Authors: Alina Bratan, Manuela Maria Mincea, Ioana-Rodica Lupşa, Marilen-Gabriel Pirtea and Vasile Ostafe

Erratum to: Determining the degradation efficiency and mechanisms of ethyl violet using HPLC-PDA-ESI-MS and GC-MS

This is a correction to the following paper: Determining the degradation efficiency and mechanisms of ethyl violet using HPLC-PDA-ESI-MS and GC-MS, Wen-Hsin Chung, Chung-Shin Lu, Wan-Yu Lin, Jian-Xun Wang, Chi...

Authors: Chung-Shin Lu, Wan-Yu Lin, Jian-Xun Wang, Chia-Wei Wu and Chiing-Chang Chen

Development of tartaric esters as bifunctional additives of methanol-gasoline

Methanol has become an alternative fuel for gasoline, which is facing a rapidly rising world demand with a limited oil supply. Methanol-gasoline has been used in China, but phase stability and vapor lock still...

Authors: Jie Zhang, Changchun Yang, Ying Tang, Rui Zhou, Xiaoli Wang and Lianghong Xu

A review of what is an emerging contaminant

A review is presented of how one defines emerging contaminants and what can be included in that group of contaminants which is preferably termed “contaminants of emerging concern”. An historical perspective is...

Authors: Sébastien Sauvé and Mélanie Desrosiers

PM₁₀and gaseous pollutants trends from air quality monitoring networks in Bari province: principal component analysis and absolute principal component scores on a two years and half data set

The chemical composition of aerosols and particle size distributions are the most significant factors affecting air quality. In particular, the exposure to finer particles can cause short and long-term effects...

Authors: Pierina Ielpo, Vincenzo Paolillo, Gianluigi de Gennaro and Paolo Rosario Dambruoso

Uptake and sorption of aluminium and fluoride by four green algal species

We examined the uptake and sorption of aluminium (Al) and fluoride (F) by green algae under conditions similar to those found in the effluents of the aluminium industry. We took into account the speciation of ...

Authors: Danaé Pitre, Amiel Boullemant and Claude Fortin

Assessing antibiotic sorption in soil: a literature review and new case studies on sulfonamides and macrolides

The increased use of veterinary antibiotics in modern agriculture for therapeutic uses and growth promotion has raised concern regarding the environmental impacts of antibiotic residues in soil and water. The ...

Authors: Stacia R Wegst-Uhrich, Divina AG Navarro, Lisa Zimmerman and Diana S Aga

Atropisomeric determination of chiral hydroxylated metabolites of polychlorinated biphenyls using HPLC-MS

Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are a group of environmental persistent organic pollutants, which can be metabolized into a series of metabolites, including hydroxylated metabolites (OH-PCBs) in biota. Ninete...

Authors: Guangshu Zhai, Xianai Wu, Hans-Joachim Lehmler and Jerald L Schnoor

Determination, speciation and distribution of mercury in soil in the surroundings of a former chlor-alkali plant: assessment of sequential extraction procedure and analytical technique

The paper presents the evaluation of soil contamination with total, water-available, mobile, semi-mobile and non-mobile Hg fractions in the surroundings of a former chlor-alkali plant in connection with severa...

Authors: Tiberiu Frentiu, Bogdan Petru Pintican, Sanziana Butaciu, Alin Ironim Mihaltan, Michaela Ponta and Maria Frentiu

Electrochemical properties of the TiO₂(B) powders ball mill treated for lithium-ion battery application

Belt or wire shaped TiO₂(B) particles were synthesized for lithium ion battery application by a hydrothermal and heat treatment process. In order to facilitate TiO₂(B)/C composites fabrication, the synthesized Ti...

Authors: Bo-Ra Kim, Kang-Seop Yun, Hee-June Jung, Seung-Taek Myung, Sang-Chul Jung, Wooseung Kang and Sun-Jae Kim

Deep investigation on inorganic fraction of atmospheric PM in Mediterranean area by neutron and photon activation analysis

Anthropogenic activities introduce materials increasing levels of many dangerous substances for the environmental quality and being hazardous to human health. Major attention has been given to those elements a...

Authors: Pasquale Avino, Geraldo Capannesi, Maurizio Manigrasso, Alberto Rosada and Mario Vincenzo Russo

Rapid destruction of the rhodamine B using TiO₂photocatalyst in the liquid phase plasma

Rhodamine B (RhB) is widely used as a colorant in textiles and food stuffs, and is also a well-known water tracer fluorescent. It is harmful to human beings and animals, and causes irritation of the skin, eyes...

Authors: Heon Lee, Sung Hoon Park, Young-Kwon Park, Byung Hoon Kim, Sun-Jae Kim and Sang-Chul Jung

Bioaccumulation and ecotoxicity of carbon nanotubes

Carbon nanotubes (CNT) have numerous industrial applications and may be released to the environment. In the aquatic environment, pristine or functionalized CNT have different dispersion behavior, potentially l...

Authors: Petra Jackson, Nicklas Raun Jacobsen, Anders Baun, Renie Birkedal, Dana Kühnel, Keld Alstrup Jensen, Ulla Vogel and Håkan Wallin

Methyl oleate deoxygenation for production of diesel fuel aliphatic hydrocarbons over Pd/SBA-15 catalysts

Catalytic deoxygenation is a prominent process for production of renewable fuels from vegetable oil. In this work, deoxygenation of technical grade methyl oleate to diesel fuel aliphatic hydrocarbons (C₁₅ – C₁₈) ...

Authors: Siew-Pei Lee and Anita Ramli

Characterisation of a Vitrocell® VC 10 in vitrosmoke exposure system using dose tools and biological analysis

The development of whole smoke exposure systems have been driven by the fact that traditional smoke exposure techniques are based on the particulate phase of tobacco smoke and not the complete smoke aerosol. T...

Authors: David Thorne, Joanne Kilford, Rebecca Payne, Jason Adamson, Ken Scott, Annette Dalrymple, Clive Meredith and Deborah Dillon

A novel exploratory chemometric approach to environmental monitorring by combining block clustering with Partial Least Square (PLS) analysis

Given the serious threats posed to terrestrial ecosystems by industrial contamination, environmental monitoring is a standard procedure used for assessing the current status of an environment or trends in envi...

Authors: Dragos V Nica, Despina Maria Bordean, Ioan Pet, Elena Pet, Simion Alda and Iosif Gergen

Removal of alachlor from water by catalyzed ozonation on Cu/Al₂O₃honeycomb

The herbicide alachlor (2-chloro-2′6′-diethyl-N-methoxymethylacetanilide) has been known as a probable human carcinogen, and the MCL (minimum contamination level) for drinking water has been set at 2 μg L^-1. Ther...

Authors: Haiyan Li, Yan Huang and Shuang Cui

Online solid phase extraction liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (SPE-LC-MS/MS) method for the determination of sucralose in reclaimed and drinking waters and its photo degradation in natural waters from South Florida

Sucralose has gained popularity as a low calorie artificial sweetener worldwide. Due to its high stability and persistence, sucralose has shown widespread occurrence in environmental waters, at concentrations ...

Authors: Sudha Rani Batchu, Natalia Quinete, Venkata R Panditi and Piero R Gardinali

Investigation of DiospyrosKaki L.f husk extracts as corrosion inhibitors and bactericide in oil field

Hydrochloric acid is used in oil-well acidizing commonly for improving the crude oil production of the low-permeable reservoirs, while it is a great challenge for the metal instruments involved in the acidific...

Authors: Jie Zhang, Yingpan Song, Huijun Su, Li Zhang, Gang Chen and Jingrui Zhao

Mechanistic study of a diazo dye degradation by Soybean Peroxidase

Enzyme based remediation of wastewater is emerging as a novel, efficient and environmentally-friendlier approach. However, studies showing detailed mechanisms of enzyme mediated degradation of organic pollutan...

Authors: Umme Kalsoom, Syed Salman Ashraf, Mohammed A Meetani, Muhammad A Rauf and Haq Nawaz Bhatti

Evaluation of corrective measures implemented for the preventive conservation of fresco paintings in Ariadne’s house (Pompeii, Italy)

A microclimate monitoring study was conducted in 2008 aimed at assessing the conservation risks affecting the valuable wall paintings decorating Ariadne’s House (Pompeii, Italy). It was found that thermohygrom...

Authors: Paloma Merello, Fernando-Juan García-Diego and Manuel Zarzo

Degradation of progestagens by oxidation with potassium permanganate in wastewater effluents

This study investigated the oxidation of selected progestagenic steroid hormones by potassium permanganate at pH 6.0 and 8.0 in ultrapure water and wastewater effluents, using bench-scale assays. Second order ...

Authors: Paul B Fayad, Arash Zamyadi, Romain Broseus, Michèle Prévost and Sébastien Sauvé

Investigation of ginkgo biloba leave extracts as corrosion and Oil field microorganism inhibitors

Ginkgo biloba (Ginkgoaceae), originating from China, now distributes all over the world. Wide application of Ginkgo biloba extracts is determined by the main active substances, flavonoids and terpenoids, which in...

Authors: Gang Chen, Min Zhang, Jingrui Zhao, Rui Zhou, Zuchao Meng and Jie Zhang

Partitioning of silver and chemical speciation of free Ag in soils amended with nanoparticles

Knowledge about silver nanoparticles in soils is limited even if soils are a critical pathway for their environmental fate. In this paper, speciation results have been acquired using a silver ion selective ele...

Authors: Rachel Benoit, Kevin J Wilkinson and Sébastien Sauvé

Identification and structural elucidation of ozonation transformation products of estrone

Quantitative methods for the analysis of contaminants of emerging concern (CECs) are abundant in the scientific literature. However, there are few reports on systematic methods of identification and structural...

Authors: Pedro Alejandro Segura, Pearl Kaplan and Viviane Yargeau

Use of enzymatic tools for biomonitoring inorganic pollution in aquatic sediments: a case study (Bor, Serbia)

Sediment bacterial communities are key players in biogeochemical cycling of elements in the aquatic environment. Copper mining, smelting, and processing operations located in Bor area (Serbia) are major enviro...

Authors: Marioara Nicoleta Filimon, Dragos V Nica, Vasile Ostafe, Despina-Maria Bordean, Aurica Breica Borozan, Daliborca Cristina Vlad and Roxana Popescu

Performance of a constructed wetland in Grand Marais, Manitoba, Canada: Removal of nutrients, pharmaceuticals, and antibiotic resistance genes from municipal wastewater

The discharge of complex mixtures of nutrients, organic micropollutants, and antibiotic resistance genes from treated municipal wastewater into freshwater systems are global concerns for human health and aquat...

Authors: Julie C Anderson, Jules C Carlson, Jennifer E Low, Jonathan K Challis, Charles S Wong, Charles W Knapp and Mark L Hanson

A critical study on efficiency of different materials for fluoride removal from aqueous media

Fluoride is a persistent and non-biodegradable pollutant that accumulates in soil, plants, wildlife and in human beings. Therefore, knowledge of its removal, using best technique with optimum efficiency is nee...

Authors: Vaishali Tomar and Dinesh Kumar