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Table 9 Some guidelines showing standard limits for water samples

From: The impact of sewage effluents on water quality of Lake Hawassa, Ethiopia

Parameters

[20]

WHO (2004)a

[16]

WHO (2005)b

[21]

Ethiopia EPA (2009)a

[6]

EPA (1994)c

This study

EC (µS/cm)

400

 

-

-

137–308

Turbidity (NTU)

5

 

5

-

4.3–22.8

T (oC)

25–30

-

-

-

21.4–25.3

TDS (mg/L)

500

80

1000

-

88–155

pH

6.5–8.5

6.0–9.0

6.5–8.5

-

7.1–9.3

Fe (mg/L)

0.3

-

0.3

-

0.015–0.180

Mn (mg/L)

0.4

-

0.5

-

0.20–0.67

Cr (mg/L)

0.01

-

0.05

-

0.014–0.031

Cu (mg/L)

1

 

2

-

0.01–0.33

 K (mg/L)

20

 

1.5

-

9.2–28

Fluoride (mg/L)

1.5

-

1.5

-

4.0-7.4

Nitrite (mg/L)

3.0

-

3.0

-

0.007–0.018

Nitrate (mg/L)

50

50

50

13

1.6–89

Sulfate (mg/L)

250

-

250

-

1.4–18

Phosphate (mg/L)

0.02

< 1

-

0.01

0.12–0.28

  1. Standard limit for drinking water; processed wastewater and domestic sewage discharges to surface water for general application; cLake water.