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Table 4 Mean, mean standard error and range of the physicochemical parameters in dry season (Temp for temperature in oC; DO for dissolved oxygen in mg L−1; pH for H+ concentration; EC for electrical conductivity in μS cm−1; TDS for total dissolved solids in mg L−1; SD for secchi depth in cm; TA for total alkalinity, mg L−1; Turbidity in NTU)

From: Assessment of spatio-temporal variations of selected water quality parameters of Lake Ziway, Ethiopia using multivariate techniques

Site

Temp

DO

pH

EC

TDS

SD

TA

B

x̄ ± Std. Err

24.8 ± 1.3

7.3 ± 1.8

8.3 ± 0. 3

385 ± 38

248 ± 24

24.6 ± 0.5

314 ± 41

Range

21–28

4.8–12.4

8–9

289–521

189–335

23–26

216–425

C

x̄ ± Std. Err

21.2 ± 1.3

5.2 ± 1.1

8.1 ± 0.2

408 ± 43

268 ± 33.7

27.7 ± 1.3

225 ± 22

Range

18–25

4–8.4

8–9

337–558

215–393

23–30

184–300

Fa

x̄ ± Std. Err

23.8 ± 1.0

6.8 ± 1.7

8.13 ± 0.2

639.73 ± 114

423.8 ± 83

26 ± 0.7

320 ± 50

Range

21–26

4.2–11.2

8–9

376–1028

249–720

24–28

200–425

Fb

x̄ ± Std. Err

23. 5 ± 1.4

6.2 ± 1.4

7.56 ± 0.1

1233.6 ± 107

789.6 ± 68.3

25.8 ± 0.6

463 ± 71.7

Range

19–27

2.6–9.3

7–8

1050–1650

672–1056

24–27

200–625

Ka

x̄ ± Std. Err

21.3 ± 0.5

4.4 ± 1.5

8.1 ± 0.16

382.6 ± 39.4

237.8 ± 18.6

24.4 ± 1.8

24 ± 29

Range

20–23

2.5–9.2

7–8

307–543

196–307

19–30

156–325

Kb

x̄ ± Std. Err

20.15 ± 0.2

5.5 ± 0.6

7.4 ± 0.1

170.7 ± 14.3

107.7 ± 9

21 ± .7

187 ± 44

Range

20–21

4.0–7.0

7–8

134–204

86–130

19–23

104–275

Ko

x̄ ± Std. Err

24.2 ± 1.3

5.4 ± 1.3

7.4 ± 0.8

399 ± 14.4

254 ± 10.5

25.6 ± 1.1

330 ± 38

Range

21–28

2.4–9.0

7–9

362–435

219–278

22–28

200–425

Ma

x̄ ± Std. Err

22.2 ± 0.7

4.4 ± 0.6

7.98 ± 0.2

404.1 ± 43

291.9 ± 37.7

27.8 ± 1.8

227.6 ± 26

Range

21–25

3.3–6.5

8–9

333–576

213–403

22–31

160–300

Mb

x̄ ± Std. Err

22.9 ± 0.8

7.6 ± 1.6

7.95 ± 0.2

424 ± 625

267 ± 38

21 ± 0.71

263 ± 48

Range

20–24

3.8–10

7–9

203–584

130–365

19.00

100–375