Table 3 The comparison of catalyst-free protocol with other methods for synthesis of 5a

1

Fe₃O₄/KCC1/IL/HPWMNPs (0.0001 mg)

H₂O/r.t

30/96 [24]

2

Nano-CdZr₄(PO₄)₆ (0.6 mol%)

EtOH/reflux

43/88 [25]

3

Nano-Fe₃O₄@SiO₂-SO₃H (0.004 g)

EtOH/MW

20/90 [23]

4

FeNi₃-ILs MNPs (0.002 g)

EtOH/reflux

48/86 [21]

5

Nano-CuCr₂O₄ (4 mol%)

EtOH/25 °C

50/90 [26]

6

Nano-ovalbumin (0.05 g)

H₂O/55 °C

45/93 [20]

7

M (II)/Schiff base@MWCNT-Fe₃O₄/SiO₂ (0.02 g)

–/r.t

90/85 [27]

8

Pseudopolymeric magnetic nanoparticles (10 mg)

EtOH/r.t

10–180/45–92 [13]

9

KCC-1-NH₂-DPA (0.1 g)

EtOH, reflux

30/95 [14]

10

CuFe₂O₄@HNTs (5 mg)

EtOH, r.t

20/90–96 [15]

11

acetic acid

AcOH/reflux

300/90 [16]

12

carbonaceous material (CSO₃H) (10 mg)

H₂O/60 °C

360/86 [17]

13

Catalyst-free

H₂O/r.t

45/98 [This work]