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Table 1 Volatile compounds identified in the flowers of two Aquilegia taxa extracted by the fibers DVB/CAR/PDMS

From: Optimization of SPME–GC–MS and characterization of floral scents from Aquilegia japonica and A. amurensis flowers

Compounds

RT

Mean Relative Content (%)

RI

RI

VIP

A. amurensis

A. japonica

Measurements value

Reference value

Fatty acid derivatives

 C6H12O

Hexanal

5.429

0.155

0.655

817

803

0.699**

 C6H10O

3-Hexenal, (Z)-

5.548

ND

0.209

820

814

0.436

 C6H12O

3-Hexen-1-ol, (E)-

5.680

ND

4.604

824

842

1.981*

 C6H12O

Cyclobutanol, 2-ethyl-

5.796

0.122

ND

827

828

0.316**

 C6H14O

1-Hexanol

6.435

6.393

9.193

843

838

1.757

 C7H14O

Heptanal

8.010

ND

0.081

883

899

0.180

 C8H16O

Octanal

13.220

0.909

1.622

996

1005

0.928

 C8H14O2

3-Hexen-1-ol, acetate, (Z)-

13.340

ND

4.929

998

1025

2.052*

 C8H18O

1-Octanol

16.931

3.237

4.007

1071

1069

0.885

 C11H24

Undecane

18.320

ND

0.349

1098

1100

0.518

 C9H18O

1-Nonanal

18.573

0.394

0.468

1104

1105

0.344

 C9H18O2

Octanoic acid, methyl ester

19.450

ND

0.130

1122

1128

0.329*

 C10H20O

Decanal

23.570

0.255

0.348

1207

1208

0.311

 C11H22O2

Methyl decanoate

28.910

ND

1.935

1323

1325

1.328**

 C14H20

Bicyclo[4.1.0]heptane, 7-bicyclo[4.1.0]hept-7-ylidene-

31.929

0.167

ND

1392

1427

0.206

 C16H30O4

Pentanoic acid, 2,2,4-trimethyl-3-carboxyisopropyl, isobutyl ester

39.840

0.073

ND

1584

1581

0.149

 C16H30O4

2,2,4-Trimethyl-1,3-pentanediol diisobutyrate

39.939

0.506

1.214

1586

1588

0.788**

 C17H34O2

Methyl palmitate

48.070

ND

0.739

1929

1905

0.822**

Benzenoids

 C7H6O

Benzaldehyde

10.870

ND

0.339

946

954

0.454

 C9H10O2

Benzoic acid, ethyl ester

21.470

0.262

ND

1163

1170

0.256

 C8H8O3

Methyl salicylate

22.731

0.137

0.180

1189

1190

0.185

Monoterpenoids

 C10H16

α-Thujene

9.176

0.207

ND

911

931

0.435**

 C10H16

1R-α-Pinene

9.495

10.911

2.323

918

922

2.777**

 C10H16

Bicyclo[3.1.1]heptane, 6,6-dimethyl-2-methylene-, (1S)-

11.560

0.500

0.913

961

978.6

0.591**

 C10H16

()-β-Pinene

11.765

7.628

0.719

965

979

2.510**

 C10H16

β-Myrcene

12.470

0.972

2.677

980

991

1.377

 C10H16

3-Carene

13.431

1.287

ND

1000

1021

1.016*

 C10H14

Cycloheptane, 1,3,5-tris(methylene)-

14.160

ND

0.804

1015

1039

0.620

 C10H14

O-Cymene

14.330

0.371

0.180

1019

1006

0.508*

 C10H16

d-Limonene

14.650

46.505

55.709

1025

1033

3.164

 C10H16

trans-Ocimene

15.350

0.030

ND

1039

1049

0.128*

 C10H16

cis-β-Ocimene

15.591

0.124

ND

1044

1038

0.327**

 C10H16

γ-Terpinene

16.074

0.312

0.125

1053

1061

0.465**

 C10H16

Terpinolen

17.462

0.223

ND

1081

1087

0.453**

 C10H18O

Linalool

18.220

0.482

0.036

1096

1098

0.626**

 C10H14

p-Mentha-1,5,8-triene

18.730

ND

0.306

1107

1097

0.316

 C10H16

(E,Z)-2,6-Dimethylocta-2,4,6-triene

19.840

0.151

ND

1130

1129

0.288*

 C10H16O

(+)-(E)-Limonene oxide

20.160

0.193

0.341

1136

1146

0.385

 C10H16O

2-Isopropenyl-5-methylhex-4-enal

22.164

0.201

ND

1178

1198

0.340

 C10H18O

(−)-Terpinen-4-ol

22.236

0.111

ND

1179

1175

0.183

 C10H18O

α-Terpineol

22.960

0.261

ND

1194

1194

0.491**

 C10H16O

2-Cyclohexen-1-ol,2-methyl-5-(1-methylethenyl)-,cis

23.080

ND

4.183

1196

1207

1.173

 C10H14O

Verbenone

23.450

0.169

ND

1204

1204

0.226

 C11H16O

Thymol methyl ether

24.620

0.075

ND

1229

1162

0.254**

 C10H14O

2-Cyclohexene-1-one,3-Methyl-6-(1-methylethenyl)-, (S)-

26.347

0.455

0.687

1267

1279

0.350

 C12H18O2

Myrtenyl acetate

28.682

0.220

ND

1320

1306

0.440**

Sesquiterpenoids

 C15H24

1H-Cycloprop[e]azulene, decahydro-1,1,7-trimethyl-4-methylene-

30.831

0.164

ND

1367

1386

0.204

 C15H24

Copaene

31.163

1.061

ND

1375

1388

0.967**

 C15H24

Zingiberene

31.736

0.146

ND

1388

1412

0.271*

 C15H24

1H-Cycloprop[e]azulene, 1a,2,3,4,4a,5,6,7b-octahydro-1,1,4,7-tetramethyl-, [1aR-(1aα,4α,4aβ,7bα)]-

32.388

0.367

ND

1403

1419

0.429*

 C15H24

Caryophyllene

32.992

0.060

ND

1417

1424

0.123

 C15H24

1,5,9,9-Tetramethyl-1,4,7-cycloundecatriene

34.494

1.436

ND

1454

1476

1.038

 C15H24

(−)-Alloaromadendrene

34.669

0.750

ND

1458

1435

0.816**

 C15H24

γ-Muurolene

35.394

7.751

ND

1475

1475

2.636**

 C15H24

α-Curcumene

35.629

0.488

ND

1481

1483

0.495*

 C15H24

Viridiflorene

35.979

0.104

ND

1490

1484

0.247*

 C15H24

α-Muurolene

36.311

1.354

ND

1498

1501

1.103**

 C15H24

β-Bisabolene

36.727

0.210

ND

1507

1506

0.327*

 C15H24

Cadina-1(10),4-diene

37.096

0.234

ND

1517

1531

0.370*

 C15H24O

α-Copaen-11-ol

37.989

0.609

ND

1538

1537

0.595*

 C15H26O

Viridiflorol

40.107

0.218

ND

1589

1580

0.336

 C15H26O

α-Bisabolol

44.628

1.046

ND

1690

1680

0.728*

  1. VOCs with significant differences are shown in bold
  2. RT retention time, ND not detected, RI retention index, VIP variable importance in projection
  3. *Represents significant differences between different taxa 0.01 < p < 0.05
  4. **Represents significant differences between different taxa p < 0.01