No.
|
Compounds
|
Concentration (μg kg−1)
|
Threshold in starch (μg kg−1)
|
Odour activity values (OAVs)c
|
---|
CB
|
BF24
|
BF48
|
CB
|
BF24
|
BF48
|
---|
1
|
Acetic acid
|
300 ± 2.0c
|
480 ± 2.0b
|
510 ± 2.0a
|
31,140
|
< 1
|
< 1
|
< 1
|
2
|
2,3-Butanedione (diacetyl)
|
710 ± 5.1c
|
11,800 ± 12.0b
|
12,950 ± 15.5a
|
6.5
|
109
|
1815
|
1992
|
3
|
2/3-Methyl butanal
|
164 ± 2.1c
|
321 ± 2.1b
|
434 ± 2.0a
|
32a
|
5
|
10
|
14
|
4
|
Butanoic acid
|
113 ± 1.0c
|
201 ± 1.0b
|
317 ± 1.0a
|
100a
|
1
|
2
|
3
|
5
|
Acetoin
|
1140 ± 4.5c
|
1245 ± 5.0b
|
1276 ± 4.0a
|
Nf
|
nd
|
nd
|
nd
|
6
|
3-Methyl butanol
|
647 ± 3.1c
|
1126 ± 7.8b
|
1364 ± 10.0a
|
102
|
6
|
11
|
13
|
7
|
Furfural
|
101 ± 1.0b
|
126 ± 1.0a
|
124 ± 1.0a
|
Nf
|
nd
|
nd
|
nd
|
8
|
2-Methylpyrazine
|
30 ± 0.2c
|
54 ± 0.2b
|
76 ± 0.2a
|
Nf
|
nd
|
nd
|
nd
|
9
|
3-Methylbutanoic acid
|
64 ± 1.0c
|
276 ± 2.1b
|
314 ± 2.0a
|
24
|
3
|
12
|
13
|
10
|
Methional
|
16 ± 0.1c
|
24 ± 0.1b
|
43 ± 0.1a
|
0.27
|
59
|
89
|
160
|
11
|
2-Acetyl-1-pyrroline
|
17 ± 0.1ab
|
19 ± 0.1a
|
18 ± 0.1a
|
0.0073a
|
2329
|
2603
|
2466
|
12
|
Benzaldehyde
|
174 ± 3.0c
|
920 ± 4.5b
|
1121 ± 6.0a
|
350
|
< 1
|
3
|
3
|
13
|
5-Methyl-2-furanmethanol
|
46 ± 0.1c
|
52 ± 0.1b
|
58 ± 0.1a
|
11.9b
|
4
|
4
|
5
|
14
|
(Z)-4-Heptenal
|
51 ± 0.1c
|
135 ± 0.2b
|
234 ± 0.2a
|
3
|
17
|
45
|
78
|
15
|
Acetyl pyrazine
|
171 ± 1.0c
|
186 ± 1.0b
|
193 ± 1.0a
|
nf
|
nd
|
nd
|
nd
|
16
|
4-Hydroxy-2,5-dimethyl-3(2H)-furanone
|
234 ± 2.0c
|
347 ± 2.1b
|
453 ± 3.0a
|
13 b
|
18
|
27
|
35
|
17
|
Benzyl alcohol
|
115 ± 1.0c
|
176 ± 2.0b
|
182 ± 2.1a
|
nf
|
nd
|
nd
|
nd
|
18
|
Phenyl acetaldehyde
|
15 ± 0.0b
|
18 ± 0.1a
|
17 ± 0.1a
|
28b
|
< 1
|
< 1
|
< 1
|
19
|
2-Phenyl ethanol
|
1101 ± 5.0c
|
1134 ± 5.0b
|
1512 ± 5.0a
|
125b
|
9
|
9
|
12
|
20
|
Octanoic acid
|
87 ± 2.1c
|
102 ± 2.0b
|
116 ± 2.0a
|
Nf
|
nd
|
nd
|
nd
|
21
|
4-Vinyl-2-methoxyphenol
|
146 ± 2.0c
|
305 ± 2.1b
|
512 ± 4.0a
|
18b
|
8
|
17
|
28
|
22
|
Vanillin
|
56 ± 0.1c
|
73 ± 0.1b
|
95 ± 0.1a
|
4.6b
|
12
|
16
|
21
|
- nf not found, nd not determined, CB control bagel, BF24 24 h fermented bagels, BF48 48 h fermented bagels; Mean ± SD; superscripts with different letters in a row are significantly (p < 0.05) different
- aReference; Zehentbauer and Grosch [48]
- bReference; Rychlik and Grosch [10]
- cOAV on the basis of odour thresholds in starch