One-step ionic liquid-based ultrasound-assisted dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction coupled with high-performance liquid chromatography for the determination of pyrethroids in traditional Chinese medicine oral liquid preparations

Table 1 Analytical characteristics of the IL-DLLME method combined with HPLC–UV analysis

Samples	Analytes	Linearity equation	R²	Linear range (mg L⁻¹)	LOD (mg L⁻¹)	LOQ (mg L⁻¹)	Enrichment factor	Extraction recovery (%)	Precision (% RSD)
Samples	Analytes	Linearity equation	R²	Linear range (mg L⁻¹)	LOD (mg L⁻¹)	LOQ (mg L⁻¹)	Enrichment factor	Extraction recovery (%)	Intra-day (n = 5)	Inter-day (n = 5)
Simotang oral liquid	Beta-cyfluthrin	y = 124,226.43x + 7577.64	0.9999	0.1–10	0.019	0.067	99	82.8	0.8	0.7
	Fenvalerate	y = 114418x + 7708.3	0.9999	0.1–10	0.024	0.080	98	92.5	1.4	2.5
	Tau-fluvalinate	y = 144216x + 9161	0.9999	0.1–10	0.011	0.037	103	91.2	3.0	3.5
	Bifenthrin	y = 167,084.12x + 8753.71	0.9999	0.1–10	0.010	0.033	114	91.8	0.8	1.2
Kangbingdu oral liquid	Beta-cyfluthrin	y = 111083x + 7169.3	0.9993	0.1–10	0.012	0.040	120	96.1	1.3	3.1
	Fenvalerate	y = 106583x + 5899.6	0.9993	0.1–10	0.016	0.053	112	89.2	2.9	2.1
	Tau-fluvalinate	y = 138510x + 16,352	0.9991	0.1–10	0.008	0.027	102	81.1	2.0	0.9
	Bifenthrin	y = 168772x + 7222	0.9999	0.1–10	0.007	0.023	102	81.0	1.7	2.3
Huaji oral liquid	Beta-cyfluthrin	y = 121491x + 16,306	0.9998	0.1–10	0.019	0.067	131	85.1	1.2	3.1
	Fenvalerate	y = 114327x + 5899.6	0.9999	0.1–10	0.021	0.070	129	83.8	2.9	3.9
	Tau-fluvalinate	y = 140657x − 14,435	0.9999	0.1–10	0.009	0.030	136	88.3	2.0	2.2
	Bifenthrin	y = 158771x + 14,879	0.9997	0.1–10	0.011	0.036	150	97.7	1.7	1.4

ISSN: 2661-801X