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Table 2 Optimization of the chromatographic conditions for separation of a mixture of cetirizine, phenylpropanolamine and nimesulide by the proposed HPLC method

From: Simultaneous determination of cetirizine, phenyl propanolamine and nimesulide using third derivative spectrophotometry and high performance liquid chromatography in pharmaceutical preparations

Parameter

No. of theoretical plates (N)

Resolution (Rs)

Tailing factor (T)

Capacity factor (K’)

Selectivity factor (α)

CTZ

PPA

NMS

CTZ/NMS

NMS/PPA

CTZ

PPA

NMS

CTZ

PPA

NMS

CTZ/NMS

NMS/PPA

PH of the mobile phase

 3

1330

979

1947

1.2

3.8

1.26

1.39

1.25

2.1

0.33

1.5

1.4

4.5

 4.6

1398

1246

1548

1.25

4.6

1.31

1.5

1.37

2.61

0.367

2.04

1.28

5.6

 6

2351

1248

1490

2.1

4.68

1.30

1.35

1.30

3.47

0.74

2.56

1.36

3.45

 7

2432

1794

2804

3.8

5.1

1.19

1.11

1.23

4.5

1.05

2.8

1.64

2.6

Conc. of phosphate buffer

 0.05

1947

1696

2497

1.1

4.1

1. 34

1.49

1.38

3.4

1.06

2.75

1.24

2.5

 0.1

2432

1794

2804

3.8

5.1

1. 19

1.11

1.23

4.5

1.05

2.8

1.64

2.6

 0.2

1146

1280

1855

1.9

3.66

1.23

1.52

1.36

3.4

0.58

2.05

1.7

3.55

Conc. of methanol (% v/v)

 50%

1513

1309

2133

2.1

4.1

2.07

0.99

1.32

4.78

1.1

3.4

1.4

3.3

 60%

2432

1794

2804

3.8

5.1

1.19

1.11

1.23

4.5

1.05

2.8

1.64

2.6

 70%

2396

1271

1496

0.5

3.8

2.22

1.9

1.32

2.47

1.02

2.3

1.07

2.25

 80%

1638

1229

1369

0.74

2.1

1.23

1.09

1.33

1.86

0.99

1.62

1.15

1.64

Type of organic modifier

 Methanol

2432

1794

2804

3.8

5.1

1.19

1.11

1.23

4.5

1.05

2.8

1.64

2.6

 Acetonitrile

2278

1374

1795

2.1

4.1

1.36

0.77

1.27

3.2

0.5

2.03

1.59

4.6

 n-Propanol

1920

900

1058

2.4

3.9

3.22

1.9

2.3

2.88

0.42

1.88

1.5

4.5

Flow rate (mL/min)

 0.8

1889

1123

2543

2.4

3.9

1.2

1.56

1.28

3.4

0.98

1.8

1.88

1.84

 1.0

2432

1794

2804

3.8

5.1

1.19

1.11

1.23

4.5

1.05

2.8

1.64

2.6

 1.2

2117

1247

2178

1.1

2.9

1.32

1.56

1.35

2.9

1.00

2.3

1.3

2.30

  1. Italic values indicate the optimum chromatographic conditions
  2. Number of theoretical plates (N) = \({5.54} \left( {\tfrac{{\text{tR}}}{{\text{Wh/2}}}} \right)^{2}\)
  3. Resolution (Rs) = \(\frac{{2\Delta {\text{t}}_{\text{R}} }}{{{\text{W}}_{1} + {\text{W}}_{2} }}\)
  4. Tailing factor (T) = \(\frac{{{\text{W}}_{0.05} }}{2f}\)
  5. Selectivity factor (relative retention) (α) = \(\frac{{\text{tR2} - \text{tm}}}{{\text{tR1} - \text{tm}}}\)
  6. Capacity factor (K’) = \(\frac{{\text{tR} - \text{tm}}}{{\text{tm}}}\)
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