Analysed variable/sample | Extraction method | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
SFE | Soxhlet | Maceration (with 50% ethanol) | Hydrodistillation | |
Extraction yield (g/100 g) | ||||
Unprocessed chamomile flowers first class | 1.57 ± 0.11a | 4.60 ± 0.24a | 20.85 ± 0.44a | 0.41 ± 0.06a |
Processed chamomile flowers first class | 3.64 ± 0.16b | 4.98 ± 0.31a | 22.30 ± 0.77b | 0.62 ± 0.09b |
Processing waste | 0.23 ± 0.07c | 3.47 ± 0.11b | 20.60 ± 0.51a | 0.24 ± 0.08c |
Pulvis | 0.97 ± 0.08d | 1.45 ± 0.13c | 6.70 ± 0.34c | 0.28 ± 0.06c |
% DPPH scavenging | ||||
Unprocessed chamomile flowers first class | 5.1 ± 0.13a | 2.0 ± 0.14a | 56.0 ± 0.82a | 3.9 ± 0.10a |
Processed chamomile flowers first class | 3.4 ± 0.21b | 1.3 ± 0.07b | 55.0 ± 0.74a | 3.8 ± 0.12a |
Processing waste | 4.5 ± 0.33c | 2.5 ± 0.08a | 61.5 ± 0.23b | 2.9 ± 0.14a |
Pulvis | 7.2 ± 0.18d | 0.0 ± 0.00c | 45.4 ± 0.86c | 3.2 ± 0.18a |