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Table 2 Change in vitamin E content in soybeans during the 30-day pickling process (μg g−1, dry basis, P < 0.05, n = 6)

From: Comparative study of phenolic compounds, vitamin E, and fatty acids compositional profiles in black seed-coated soybeans (Glycine Max (L.) Merrill) depending on pickling period in brewed vinegar

Pickled soybean

 

Untreated soybean (control)

Day 1

Day 5

Day 10

Day 20

Day 30

LSD (0.05)

α-tocopherol

8.8 ± 1.1bc

10.6 ± 0.8a

8.4 ± 1.0 cd

8.0 ± 0.7 cd

10.4 ± 2.0ab

7.2 ± 1.5d

1.6

β-tocopherol

1.3 ± 0.1b

1.5 ± 0.1a

1.3 ± 0.0b

1.2 ± 0.1b

1.3 ± 0.1b

0.9 ± 0.1c

0.2

γ-tocopherol

108.1 ± 7.1a

118.4 ± 7.7a

110.2 ± 4.1a

106.6 ± 1.7a

95.2 ± 9.7b

77.2 ± 12.3c

11.4

δ-tocopherol

37.7 ± 3.3 cd

60.2 ± 1.5a

45.9 ± 2.5bc

41.0 ± 1.5 cd

53.2 ± 6.0ab

34.4 ± 2.6d

8.2

Total

156.0 ± 10.9b

190.8 ± 8.3a

165.8 ± 6.4b

156.8 ± 2.7b

160.1 ± 13.8b

119.7 ± 15.1c

18.1

α-tocopherol equivalent

42.2 ± 3.3b

47.3 ± 3.1a

42.5 ± 2.3b

40.9 ± 1.2b

40.0 ± 5.0b

31.1 ± 5.3c

4.1

  1. α-tocopherol equivalent is based on the biological activity of vitamin E vitamers and is calculated as follows: α-tocopherol equivalent = sum of α-tocopherol + (β-tocopherol × 0.4) + (γ-tocopherol × 0.3) + (δ-tocopherol × 0.01)
  2. a–d Values with different superscripts differ significantly according to pickling period (P< 0.05)