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Table 5 Computed molecular descriptors for the assessment of the DMPK profiles of the major isolated metabolites and the recommended range for 95 % of known drugs

From: Protease-inhibiting, molecular modeling and antimicrobial activities of extracts and constituents from Helichrysum foetidum and Helichrysum mechowianum (compositae)

Metabolite

a#stars

bCNS

cMW (Da)

dSASA

eFOSA

fFISA

gvolume

hHBD

iHBA

jlog P

klog S

1

0

-1

286.3

506.7

157.9

145.1

880.6

2

5

1.9

-3.3

2

0

-2

286.3

548.9

110.0

181.5

920.6

2

4

2.3

-3.4

3

0

-2

270.2

491.3

0

200.4

827.7

2

4

1.7

-3.4

4

1

-2

448.4

734.5

249.3

263.0

1311.1

5

13

0.4

-3.1

5

0

-2

448.4

683.4

261.7

245.6

1264.2

5

14

-0.1

-3.0

6

1

-1

304.5

523.0

419.7

77.8

1007.6

1

2

4.8

-4.9

12

0

-2

284.3

504.1

26.4

215.2

856.2

3

4

1.5

-3.2

13

5

-2

516.5

839.4

183.4

*386.8

1495.9

*7

11

1.1

-4.5

Metabolite

llogHERG

mCaco-2

nlog BB

oMDCK

plog Kp

q#metab

rlog KHSA

sPHOA

tRo5

uRo3

vPSA

1

-4.49

417.0

-0.9

192.2

-3.2

5

-0.06

84.7

0

0

83.4

2

-5.45

188.1

-1.7

81.3

-3.2

4

-0.04

80.9

0

0

93.5

3

-5.06

124.7

-1.4

52.1

-3.9

3

-0.01

74.4

0

0

101.0

4

*-6.01

31.8

-3.1

11.9

-4.2

7

-0.79

43.2

1

1

168.1

5

-5.17

46.5

-2.4

17.9

-4.6

8

-0.71

56.4

0

1

162.1

6

-0.99

459.4

-0.1

271.4

-2.8

2

0.79

*100

0

0

42.7

12

-4.97

90.3

-1.6

36.8

-4.2

5

-0.10

70.5

0

0

109.1

13

-4.99

*0.5

*-4.9

*0.2

-6.3

6

-0.63

0

3

1

235.6

  1. *Property which falls outside the recommended range for 95 % of known drugs; aNumber of computed properties which fall outside the required range for 95 % of known drugs (recommended range 0 to 5); b Activity in the central nervous system in the scale −2 (inactive) to +2 (active); cMolar weight (range for 95 % of drugs: 130–725 Da); dThe solvent accessible surface area (recommended range 300.0 to 1000.0 Å2); eThe hydrophobic component of the solvent accessible surface area (recommended range 0.0 to 750.0 Å2); fThe hydrophilic component of the solvent accessible surface area (recommended range 7.0 to 330.0 Å2); gTotal volume of molecule enclosed by solvent-accessible molecular surface, in Å3 (probe radius 1.4 Å) (range for 95 % of drugs: 500 to 2000 Å3); hNumber of hydrogen bonds donated by the molecule (range for 95 % of drugs: 0 to 6); iNumber of hydrogen bonds accepted by the molecule (range for 95 % of drugs: 2–20); jLogarithm of partitioning coefficient between n-octanol and water phases (range for 95 % of drugs: −2 to 6.5); kThe predicted aqueous solubility, with S in mol/dm3 (range for 95 % of drugs: −6.5 to 0.5); lPredicted IC50 value for blockage of HERG K+ channels (concern < −5); mPredicted apparent Caco-2 cell membrane permeability in Boehringer–Ingelheim scale, in nm/s (range for 95 % of drugs: < 5 low, > 500 high); nLogarithm of predicted blood/brain barrier partition coefficient (range for 95 % of drugs: −3.0 to 1.0); oThe predicted apparent MDCK permeability in nm/s (<25 poor, > 500 great); pThe predicted skin permeability (range for 95 % of drugs: −8.0 to −1.0); qNumber of likely metabolic reactions (range for 95 % of drugs: 1–8); rLogarithm of predicted binding constant to human serum albumin (range for 95 % of drugs: −1.5 to 1.5); sThe predicted percentage human oral absorption (>80 % high, < 25 % poor); tNumber of violations of Lipinski’s ‘Rule of Five’ (Recommended maximum 4); uNumber of violations of Jorgensen’s ‘Rule of Three’ (Recommended maximum 3); vVan der Waals surface area of polar nitrogen and oxygen atoms (range for 95 % of drugs: 7.0 to 200.0 Å2)