Figure 1

Triazole-containing alkyl β-D-glucopyranosides 4d and 4e and alkyl β-D-glucopyranosides C14G1 induced significant phosphatidylserine externalization in the Jurkat cell line. The mode of cell death induction, apoptosis or necrosis, was monitored via flow cytometric assay after co-staining of cells with Annexin V-FITC and PI. Cells were exposed to the ~ IC₅₀ concentration of each compound as determined by MTS assay (see Table 1). The total percentage of apoptotic cells is expressed as the sum of percentages of both early and late stages of apoptosis (Annexin V-FITC positive; white bars), with green fluorescence signal. Cells that were stained only with PI due to the loss of plasma membrane integrity, but without FITC signal, are considered necrotic cells (gray bars). Analysis of the apoptotic populations using the two-tailed Student's paired t-test of 4d, 4e and C14G1-treated Jurkat cells against DMSO and untreated controls was P < 0.001 (*). Each bar represents the average of three independent measurement values, and error bars represent the standard deviation of the mean. Unt refers to untreated cells.