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Table 4 Analysis of variance (ANOVA) for response surface quadratic model, MS is mean Square, DF is degree of freedom and SS is sum of squares while x 1 and x 2 introduce in Table 2

From: Optimizing Bi2O3 and TiO2to achieve the maximum non-linear electrical property of ZnO low voltage varistor

Source

SS

DF

MS

F-Value

p-value (Prob > F)

Suggestion

Model

481.5

5

96.3

153.6

< 0.0001

significant

 x1

4.6

1

4.6

7.4

0.0299

 

 x2

7.4

1

7.4

11.9

0.0108

 

 x1x2

22.3

1

22.3

35.6

0.0006

 

 x12

298.7

1

298.7

476.4

< 0.0001

 

 x22

205.5

1

205.5

327.7

< 0.0001

 

Residual

4.4

7

0.6

   

Lack of Fit

3.4

3

1.1

4.4

0.0938

not significant

Pure Error

1.0

4

0.3

 

< 0.0001

 

Cor Total

485.9

12

  

0.0299

 

Std.Dev.

R Adj

R Pred

R 2

PRESS

C.V.%

Adeq Precision

0.792

0.985

0.947

0.991

25.5

6.284

29.9