Figure 1

Solvent B (%) concentration-time profile of a 20-min LC binary gradient program. Solvent B containing 0.1‰ formic acid and the gradient program was as fallows: from 0% B to 2% B in 0.01 min, hold for 1 min; from 2% B to 35% B in 0.01 min, hold for 3min; from 35% B to 90% B in 11 min; back to 2% B in 0.01 min; maintain 4.99 min. The effluent was delivered at 0.3 mL/min throughout the gradient program and the column was maintained at 40°C. The dashed ovals showed the eluted analytes of different types of compounds (i.e., alkaloids, lactones, flavonoids and diarylheptanoids) under this optimized UFLC-MS/MS conditions.