Evaluation of heavy metals content in dietary supplements in Lebanon

BMC Chemistry

Table 3 Concentration of micronutrients with low established upper intake limit (Cu, Cr, Mo, Se) in tablets compared to maximum accepted level, and daily intake (DI) as recommended on tablet label and compared to recommended daily allowance and permitted levels

Sample ID	Cu (μg/g)	DI* (μg/day) Cu	Cr (μg/g)	DI* (μg/day) Cr	Mo (μg/g)	DI* (μg/day) Mo	Se (μg/g)	DI* (μg/day) Se
V1	0.5	1.8	0.08	2.7	0.8	2.7	2.0	6.9
V2	9.0	6.6	0.04	0.03	3.4	2.4	0.1	0.08
V3	7.8	9.8	0.23	0.29	1.0	1.3	7.8	9.8
VM1	1583	1092	5.5	2.4	7.7	5.3	60.1	41.4
VM2	224	370	0.88	1.5	26	43	30.7	50.7
VM3	185	183	0.58	0.58	4.1	4.0	13.8	15.5
VM4	867	434	0.37	0.18	0.8	0.4	18.8	9.4
VM5	9.5	14.3	0.07	0.11	0.6	0.9	1.0	1.5
VM6	70	106	0.05	0.07	0.4	0.6	2.0	3.0
VM7	867	1396	0.31	0.49	35.4	57	24.9	40
VM8	1952	2635	0.02	0.03	13.3	18	52.9	71
VM9	725	1087	1.26	1.89	44.4	67	12.8	19
VM10	1270	927	0.17	0.12	0.5	0.4	0.9	0.7
VM11	225	979	0.54	2.30	0.6	2.6	7.3	32
VM12	281	1018	0.32	1.14	0.4	1.5	17.0	61
VM13	1.1	1.42	0.03	0.05	0.6	0.8	4.0	5.7
M1	6.9	22	0.06	0.20	0.7	2.2	2.1	6.2
M2	6.5	8.5	0.15	0.19	0.5	0.7	0.5	0.7
M3	376	1429	0.05	0.19	1.0	3.8	0.5	1.9
M4	7.9	25	0.13	0.41	0.3	1.0	1.1	3.2
M5	1.5	6.6	0.04	0.18	0.7	2.9	5.3	22
M6	8.8	17	0.10	0.19	0.8	1.6	2.2	3.9
M7	5.2	6.8	0.02	0.02	0.9	1.9	3.4	5.0
H1	8.5	5.8	0.08	0.05	1.1	0.7	1.1	0.7
H2	5.6	7.2	0.02	0.02	3.7	4.8	4.4	5.2
H3	3.8	2.0	0.03	0.02	0.5	0.3	200	104
H4	37	24	0.02	0.01	9.6	6.3	3.3	2.0
H5	15	12	0.09	0.07	7.5	5.8	3.1	2.3
H6	350	256	0.07	0.05	5.2	3.8	0.4	0.3
H7	16.5	12	0.02	0.01	6.5	4.7	0.3	0.2
H8	18.9	10	0.02	0.01	9.3	4.9	0.8	0.4
H9	5.8	1.8	0.07	0.02	0.1	0.03	4.1	1.3
H10	6.5	3.2	0.02	0.01	0.9	0.5	5.3	2.5
MAL**	100 ^a		15^b		10 ^a		25^c
PDE^†		1000 ^a		150 ^b		100 ^a		250 ^c
RDA/FDA^‡		900 ^d		35 ^d		34 ^d (male) 45 ^d (female)		55 ^f
WHO/FAO^‡‡		300 ^e		-		-		-

*DI: daily intake calculated from mass of tablet and labeled recommended tablets per day.
**MAL: Maximum accepted levels of metals in Tablets (μg/g) according to US Pharmacopeia (USP).
^†PDE: Permitted Daily exposure (μg/day) according to US Pharmacopeia (USP).
^‡RDA: Recommended daily allowance after FDA [6].
^‡‡WHO/FAO : Permissible daily intake calculated from using provisional tolerable intake and body weight of 60 and 10% due to dietary supplements [35].
^aUSP [19]^b USP [34]^cUSP[20].
^d FDA[6]^e JECFA [38]^f IOM [11].

ISSN: 2661-801X