Table 1 Composition of the essential oils of D. muricatus (roots, leaves, stems, flowers and umbels)

1

Nonane

900

898

899

1.0

0.5

1.3

1.1

0.3

-

RI, MS

2

α-Thujene

932

923

1011

0.6

tr

0.2

0.7

0.1

-

RI, MS

3

α- Pinene

936

931

1016

16.7

9.9

18.9

14.3

21.8

0.5

RI, MS

4

Camphene

950

944

1056

0.3

0.2

0.2

0.2

0.8

tr

RI, MS

5

Thuja-2,4 (10) diene

946

945

1085

tr

0.2

0.1

tr

-

-

RI, MS

6

Sabinene

973

967

1111

18.9

5.1

4.7

8.1

4.6

0.2

RI, MS

7

β-pinene

978

970

1102

2.5

2.1

1.8

2.8

1.4

0.1

RI, MS

8

Myrcene

987

980

1152

1.8

2.1

2.3

1.6

2.6

-

RI, MS

9

α-Phellandrene

1002

997

1140

0.6

0.5

0.4

0.6

0.2

-

RI, MS

10

α-Terpinene

1013

1008

1158

1.1

1.1

1.1

1.5

0.8

0.1

RI, MS

11

p-Cymene

1015

1012

1147

1.3

4.4

1.4

0.9

1.4

0.1

RI, MS

12

Limonene

1025

1022

1195

14.2

22.6

21.3

24.0

21.9

0.3

RI, MS

13

(Z)-β-Ocimene

1029

1025

1215

0.1

0.1

0.1

tr

0.2

tr

RI, MS

14

γ-Terpinene

1051

1049

1239

2.6

2.4

1.6

3.1

1.1

tr

RI, MS

15

trans-Sabinene hydrate

1053

1052

1438

0.2

0.1

0.1

0.3

tr

-

RI, MS

16

Nonan-2-one

1070

1073

1392

0.1

0.6

0.1

tr

0.1

0.3

RI, MS

17

p-Cymenene

1075

1077

1420

0.6

0.7

0.1

tr

tr

0.1

RI, MS

18

Terpinolene

1082

1079

1292

0.3

0.6

0.3

0.7

0.2

0.1

RI, MS

19

Linalool

1083

1085

1392

0.1

tr

0.4

0.3

0.2

-

RI, MS

20

Undecane

1100

1100

1098

0.6

2.1

1.9

0.4

0.9

0.1

RI, MS

21

Limonene-1,2-epoxide

1117

1119

1446

0.2

0.2

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.9

RI, MS

22

trans-Pinocarveol

1126

1120

1632

0.3

0.7

0.1

0.2

0.2

0.2

RI, MS

23

trans-2-Nonenal

1135

1133

1525

0.2

1.2

0.4

0.1

0.2

1.1

RI, MS

24

Pinocarvone

1137

1135

1520

0.1

0.4

0.1

0.1

tr

0.1

RI, MS

25

Borneol

1150

1149

1670

0.1

0.2

0.1

tr

0.1

tr

RI, MS

26

Cryptone

1160

1159

1642

0.2

0.5

0.3

0.1

0.3

0.2

RI, MS

27

Terpinen-4-ol

1164

1160

1563

2.7

1.1

0.8

3.1

0.8

1.7

RI, MS

28

Decan-2-one

1176

1170

1503

0.1

0.8

0.3

0.2

0.1

0.2

RI, MS

29

α-Terpineol

1176

1177

1685

0.2

0.3

0.1

0.1

tr

tr

RI, MS

30

Myrtenol

1178

1182

1763

tr

0.5

0.1

0.1

0.2

0.7

RI, MS

31

Decanal

1188

1185

1481

tr

0.8

0.1

0.1

tr

0.2

RI, MS

32

Dodecane

1200

1199

1201

tr

0.2

0.1

tr

0.1

0.3

RI, MS

33

Citronellol

1213

1211

1724

0.1

0.1

0.1

tr

-

tr

RI, MS

34

Carvone

1214

1215

1749

tr

0.2

0.1

tr

-

tr

RI, MS

35

Pulegone

1215

1216

1602

tr

0.1

tr

tr

-

-

RI, MS

36

p-Anisaldehyde

1218

1219

2049

tr

0.6

tr

tr

0.3

-

RI, MS

37

Geraniol

1235

1235

1799

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.2

-

tr

RI, MS

38

trans-Myrtanol

1240

1236

1858

tr

0.1

0.2

0.2

0.5

-

RI, MS

39

cis-Chrysanthenyl acetate

1253

1242

1548

0.3

2.2

0.5

tr

0.1

0.2

RI, MS

40

α-Terpinen-7-al

1257

1256

1763

0.1

0.2

0.2

0.4

0.3

tr

RI, MS

41

Thymol

1267

1264

2149

tr

0.1

0.1

0.1

-

0.6

RI, MS

42

Bornyl acetate

1270

1266

1536

0.2

0.6

0.2

0.1

0.4

0.9

RI, MS

43

Undecan-2-one

1273

1270

1579

0.3

3.9

0.5

0.3

0.8

10.2

RI, MS

44

trans-Sabinyl acetate

1278

1271

1650

2.6

1.5

0.7

0.2

12.1

3.1

RI, MS, Ref1

45

Carvacrol

1278

1278

2224

tr

0.2

0.4

tr

0.1

0.5

RI, MS

46

Undecan-2-ol

1287

1285

1723

0.1

0.3

0.1

tr

-

1.2

RI, MS

47

Myrtenyl acetate

1332

1320

1701

0.1

0.1

0.2

0.1

tr

0.3

RI, MS

48

δ-Elemene

1340

1337

1535

0.2

0.5

1.7

0.1

0.2

-

RI, MS

49

Geranyl acetate

1362

1360

1715

tr

0.2

tr

2.3

-

0.2

RI, MS

50

Undecanol

1363

1365

1820

0.2

0.6

1.1

1.2

0.1

0.3

RI, MS

51

α-Copaene

1379

1377

1488

0.2

0.6

0.5

0.2

0.5

-

RI, MS

52

β-Bourbonene

1379

1383

1496

tr

0.4

0.3

0.2

0.1

-

RI, MS

53

β-Elemene

1389

1390

1570

0.3

0.3

0.1

0.2

0.5

-

RI, MS

54

Dodecanal

1389

1395

1673

tr

0.1

0.1

0.2

tr

1.9

RI, MS

55

Aristolene

1418

1420

1553

0.1

tr

0.1

0.3

0.1

RI, MS

56

trans-Caryophyllene

1424

1422

1586

1.8

0.6

3.8

2.4

2.1

0.3

RI, MS

57

Geranyl acetone

1429

1426

1842

0.1

0.4

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.1

RI, MS

58

β-Copaene

1430

1430

1579

tr

0.1

0.1

tr

0.4

-

RI, MS

59

α-Humulene

1455

1450

1655

0.4

0.4

0.5

0.3

0.4

0.5

RI, MS

60

β-Ionone

1468

1460

1902

0.5

0.2

0.1

0.8

0.4

-

RI, MS

61

Dodecanol

1472

1468

1754

0.2

0.2

0.2

tr

0.1

3.7

RI, MS

62

γ-Muurolene

1473

1471

1667

0.1

0.9

0.3

0.1

-

-

RI, MS

63

Germacrene D

1479

1476

1665

1.5

0.2

1.6

1.4

2.9

1.5

RI, MS

64

trans-β-Bergamotene

1480

1475

1598

tr

tr

tr

0.1

tr

0.8

RI, MS

65

6-epi-Shyobunone

1481

1480

1855

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.3

RI, MS

66

γ-Humulene

1483

1487

1682

0.2

0.4

0.2

0.4

0.1

-

RI, MS

67

Bicyclogermacrene

1494

1490

1706

0.4

0.4

0.3

0.2

0.2

-

RI, MS

68

α-Muurolene

1496

1498

1710

0.4

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.2

-

RI, MS

69

Shyobunone

1500

1501

1897

0.1

0.5

0.5

0.4

0.2

0.1

RI, MS

70

δ-Cadinene

1520

1515

1715

0.8

0.2

0.6

0.6

1.7

0.5

RI, MS

71

E-α-Bisabolene

1531

1526

1733

0.6

0.8

1.6

0.4

1.2

0.2

RI, MS

72

Isochavicol isobutyrate

1541

1538

2136

5.3

1.2

2.2

6.7

1.6

2.3

RI, MS

73

Germacrene B

1552

1555

1794

0.2

0.6

0.2

0.2

0.8

tr

RI, MS, Ref1

74

1,5-Epoxy-salvial-4(14)-ene

1561

1561

1903

0.1

0.7

0.4

0.5

0.4

3.6

RI, MS

75

Spathulenol

1572

1564

2091

0.5

1.2

1.4

0.3

0.6

-

RI, MS

76

Caryophyllene oxide

1578

1582

1943

tr

0.1

0.3

0.1

tr

0.5

RI, MS

77

Tridecanol

1580

1586

2034

-

tr

tr

tr

tr

6.4

RI, MS, Ref2

78

Viridiflorol

1590

1586

2071

0.1

0.9

0.3

0.5

0.2

RI, MS

79

Copaborneol

1592

1595

2142

0.5

0.8

0.3

1.5

0.1

1.4

RI, MS

80

Guaia-6,10(14)-diene-4β-ol

1610

1609

2119

1.1

2.5

2.1

6.6

0.5

0.9

RI, MS, Ref1

81

epi-Cubenol

1621

1623

2046

0.2

0.3

0.2

0.4

0.3

0.9

RI, MS

82

Cubenol

1630

1631

2001

0.5

0.2

0.2

0.3

tr

tr

RI, MS

83

τ-Muurolol

1633

1635

2156

0.5

0.7

0.3

0.6

0.7

1.4

RI, MS

84

α-Cadinol

1643

1644

2212

0.5

0.7

0.5

0.6

0.3

0.9

RI, MS

85

Isochavicol 2-methyl butyrate

1651

1654

2256

0.1

0.3

0.2

0.2

-

0.4

RI, MS

86

(Z)-α-Santalol

1669

1665

2306

0.1

0.4

0.1

0.1

0.1

-

RI, MS

87

Eudesma-4(15),7-dien-1β-ol

1671

1672

2346

0.1

0.3

0.2

0.1

0.5

1.3

RI, MS

88

(E,Z)-Farnesol

1685

1680

2313

tr

0.2

0.1

0.1

0.1

3.1

RI, MS

89

Heptadecane

1700

1699

1698

tr

0.3

0.3

0.1

0.1

0.5

RI, MS

90

Tetradecanoic acid

1761

1756

2651

tr

0.1

0.2

0.2

-

1.7

RI, MS, Ref2

91

Neophytadiene

1807

1806

1920

0.1

0.2

1.7

0.1

0.1

1.3

RI, MS, Ref1

92

Diisobutyl ester

1826

1826

2525

0.2

0.1

0.4

tr

tr

0.9

RI, MS, Ref2

93

6,10,14-Trimethylpentadecanone

1845

1842

2125

0.2

0.1

0.4

tr

0.1

1.8

RI, MS, Ref2

94

Hexadecanoic acid

1951

1956

2821

0.1

0.2

tr

tr

0.2

3.1

RI, MS, Ref1

95

Eicosane

2000

2000

1998

tr

0.1

tr

tr

0.2

18.6

RI, MS

96

(Z)-Phytol

2080

2085

2611

0.2

0.2

0.8

0.1

0.3

-

RI, MS

97

(E)-Phytol

2114

2119

2568

0.3

0.2

1.9

tr

0.1

-

RI, MS

98

Tricosane

2300

2302

2299

0.1

0.2

tr

tr

0.1

1.5

RI, MS

99

Pentacosane

2500

2498

2501

0.1

0.1

0.2

0.1

0,2

2.7

RI, MS

Total identification g/100g

90.9

93.7

93.6

98.7

95.3

90.1

Essential oil yield% (w/w)

0.2

0.04

0.03

0.09

0.12

0.02

Monoterpene hydrocarbons

61.6

52,0

54.5

58.5

57.1

1.5

Oxygenated monoterpenes

8.2

10.2

5.3

9.2

16.5

9.1

Sesquiterpene hydrocarbons

7.2

6.6

12.2

7.5

11.4

3.8

Oxygenated sesquiterpenes

4.4

9.6

7,0

12.3

4.3

14.4

Phenylpropanoids

5.4

2.2

2.5

7,0

1.9

3.3

Oxygenated diterpenes

0.5

0.4

2.7

0.1

0.4

-

Diterpenes hydrocarbons

0.1

0.2

1.7

0.1

0.1

1.3

Non-terpenic compounds

3.5

12.5

7.7

4,0

3.6

56.7